rumpf



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 M. H. RUMPP. HYDROGARBON MOTOR.

Patented June 8,1897.

flllllllli INVENTUR WITNESSES:

BY Qfwmy ATTYS.

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

- M. H. RUMPF.

HYDROUARBON MOTOR.

No. 584,097. Patented June 8,1897.

INVENTOR WiTNESSES:

as :0. PHOTO-LUNG WASHVNGTON, o. c.

N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

M. H. RUMPP. HYDROGARBON MOTOR.

No. 584,097. Patented June 8,1897.

iNVENTOB= WlTNESSES:

BY fwm- ATTYS.

1w: wmns arms so. wmaumm. wnsuluu'lfoa. ov a UNiTEn STATES PATENT since.

MAI- FIN HENRI RUMPF, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

HYDROCARBON-MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 584,097, dated June 8,1897'.

Application filed September 9, 1896. Serial No. 605,221. No model.)

lmprovem ents in Hydrocarb uret-Motors; and.

I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, andto letters and figures of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is to provide ahydrocarbon-motor of simple,strong, and durable construction, reliable in operation, and by means ofwhich, first, a complete eX-. pansion of the combustible gases iseffected; second, a strong back pressure on the return of the piston isavoided; third, the expulsion of the products of combustion is insured;fourth, a partial vacuum in the cylinder behind t-he piston isestablished, and, fifth, the action of the atmospheric pressure duringthe return of the piston is utilized.

The invention consists in the improved by- (llOCillbOlld'lflOllOl', itspiston, composed of two concentric independent parts, in the means fortransmitting the desired movements to the two parts of said piston, inthe means for regulating the movements of said two parts and for theinterposition at the right momentof a cushion of air between said twoparts, in the means for insuring acomplete exhaustion of the burnedgases and for obtaining a partial vacuum behind the piston, and in thecombination and arrangement of the various parts substantially as willbe hereinafter more fully described and finally embodied in the clausesof the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal. section of myimproved hydrocarbon-motor, certain portions being removed or brokenaway to better illustrate the nature of my said invention. Figs. 1 and 1are detail sectional views of the outer and inner piston, respectively;Fig. 1 a detail view of the fly-wheel-carrying crank-shaft Figs. 3, l,5, and G, diagrammatic views illustrating the respective positions ofthe outer and inner pistons during a cycle correspond ing with tworevolutions of the crank-shaft; Figs. 7 and 8, a side and top plan view,respectively, of means to be employed in connection with the motor forregulating its speed; Fig. 9, a sectional view of a pump used inconnection with my improved motor for the purpose of facilitating theexhaustion of the consumed gases; Fig. 10, a detail top plan view of thehead of the spindle controlling the valve-opening between themotor-cylinder and the said pump; Fig. 11, a longitudinal section of myimproved motor, illustrating a modified form for transmitting thedesired movements to the two parts of the piston and for regulating thespeed of the motor; Fl 11, a detail view of the outer piston, asillustrated in Fig. 11; Fig. 12, adetail sectional view of the innerpiston, its rod, and the controlling and regulating lever, as used inconnection with the construction in Fig. 11; and Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16,17, and 18, diagrammatic views illustrating the respective positions of,the inner and outer piston and the regulating-lever during a cyclecorresponding with two revolutions of the crankshaft.

In said drawings, Figs. 1 to 10, A represents a cylinder open at one endand provided in its other end with the opening A serving as inlet forthe explosive mixture, and at one side with an air-inlet (Z, Fig. 1, andwith an elongated slot A, Fig. 8, through which latter the lug aprojects, which lug forms a part of the cup or outer part A of thepiston arranged within the cylinder A Vithin said cup is placed theinner part B of the piston, provided at its bottom with an opening f,controlled by the valve 1), which latter is arranged at the innerend ofthe stem or rod 72/", guided in the bracket 72- and having its forwardor outer end bent at an angle, as at 72,, adapted to be engaged by thepin 9, projecting at substantially right angles from the rear portion Cof the piston-rod c. Said piston-rod is fulcrumed on the transverse pinor axis G secured to the inner part B of the piston and with its forwardend to the elbow c of the crank-shaft 0 supported in bearings andcarrying the flywheel, as in ordinary con- Z2? and r," of the crankshaftG ar'e of different I length, and theslot 11 is calculated insuch a mannor-that attire dcadcen terthe bottom of this slotcomcs behind the luga,:(during-the dosivemixture 5 intothe cylinder A while at all othertimes -.;-tho, cup A "is. entirely; independent of the stage of Iadmission of the e movements ofthe pistonwodb. Figsl: -or:3-,;4=-,dandtoi thiodrawings show the. rela i I repeated periodically; asfollows: j p

First .Qn thecnt f the explosive In stroke, andtheir respecti'vepistomrods hand s eareinthe.positions shown in 1' ands;

. The inner .part B. of the piston,..connected by. its piston-rod o:tothe larger elbow e. of the crank-shaft,advances rapidly, and the cup,A,-connected with the smaller elbowb'iby the piston rod lathe rear of.which. {at the death.

. eater). comes behind the log a, advances more slowly under the pullof: this; piston-rod Z), .Gonsequentlywhen the; crankrshaft I has,"ginade half a. revolution the inner part3 :of'

. thep-istonis iii-advance of the: cup Ain pro portion to the differenceof radius between the two elbows on the crank-shaft, and the explosivemixture has only entered into the space afforded by the movement of thecup A, that is, according to Fig. 4-, in a space corresponding toone-half of the stroke effected by the inner part B of the piston duringa halfrevolution of the fly-wheel.

Second. D uring the time of return and compression the cup A, the snug aof which is free and slides in the slot b in the piston-rod Z), Fig. 1,remains stationary until the inner part 15,111 returning, catches it upand pushes it backward from the position Fig. 5 to the position Fig. 3,thus causing the compression of the explosive mixture.

Third. During the third stage, corresponding to the explosion of themixture and to its expansion, the cup A, which is free to move forward,pushes forward the inner part B of the piston by pressing against itduring the whole of the working stroke. (See Fig. 6.) Toward the end ofthis stroke, when the pressure of the exploded or burned gases hasfallen below atmospheric pressure and when the ex haust-valve for theescapement of the burned gases opens, the bottom of the cup A passesbeyond the opening cl in the cylinder-wall, (see Fig. 1,) and a currentof fresh air then enters the cylinder.

lathe forward end of which is connected with theelbow b of thecrank-shaft T heelbows petrol: te'pos tionsof the; two parts; ofthej I Ipiston during; the four operations which are v ixtnre the two;partsLAand l of :the piston touch: each other and are atthe end of thereturn .Fourth..Finally, during thefourthstage of thecyelmthepistonreturning backward I 3,} and i. I

Fig.

drivesout the'b urne'd gases, (see.

the same operations as above-deseribed are: repeated indefinitely.Iii-thus can siugacom all employableheat isrutilized.

ofconstrncting a piston in twopartshas;

1 moreover; the advadtagiethat theexpansion of the bnrned gases can hecompleted before: the end of the forward stroke, so that the i pressurebehind tl iepistonwill fall; below the i atmospheric pressure. i Toattain: this result,

itiis suflieientto make the two elbows of the crankshaft;proportionatetoithedesired Iathi s case the smaller elbow of the crankshaft ;wil 1hare smaller radius.

thanthat shown -iii-the drawi n gs,1and accord-- Awilladranee lessthanshownin thc accom- .inglyduringithe stageof admission thecup; I 4

JC panyingdrawings.- 'As a matterof fact, if

proportions were given to the elbewso and i I h" of thecrank-shaftwhichwould permit the expansionto: be so pro-longcdthat'beforethe end of thestroke of the piston the'pressure: of; the burnedgasesfell belo'wzthe atmospheric pressure then the piston wouldonlycontinue motionstored up infit; but in that case, the

I atmospheric pressure; being greater than the i toadvance nndertheaction of the energy of 1 pressure*behindthe piston, would cause on ithe return stroke a pressure on the latter and" when the pressure of theburned gases conr pressed behind the piston became equal to that of theatmosphere, and from that moment the burned gases would be expelled bythe returning piston. It will be understood that in this way the forceof the explosive mixture could be utilized during the advance of thepiston and the atmospheric pressure during its return.

In Figs. 7 and 8 is illustrated an arrangement to be used in connectionwith the construction hereinbefore described for the purpose ofregulating the speed of the motor. The piston-rod b is replaced by aconnectingrod which consists of the rail j, jointed on the small elbowb", and of a piece or arm k in the form of a pawl and oscillating on theaxis Z of said rail j. Said axis Z slides in aguide on the framework ofthe machine, and the pawl 7t rests on the friction-roller m, carried bythe bell-crank lever 02, which is pivoted on the framework and which isconnected and controlled by an ordinary ball-governorM, as indicated indotted lines in Fig. '7 of the drawings. The pawl 7c is provided at itsunder side with a notch 7e adapted, when the speed of the motor is asdesired, to remain behind the ridge a projecting from the lug a. As longas the number of revolutions of the crankshaft is less than or equal tothat for which the motor is regulated then the pawl 7i: of theconnecting-rod comes behind the ridge a at the dead-center point at thecommencement of the forward stroke and forces the cup A to follow theforward movement transmitted by the small elbow Z) to theconnecting-rodj. lVhen the speed exceeds the normal rate, the arm of theregulator presses against the bell crank lover a and forces up the pawl70 sufficiently to clear the ridge (610, so that the rod j isdisconnected from the cup A, which latter then remains at the bottom ofthe cylinder, so that the explosive mixture is no longer admitted. Assoon as the speed resumes its normal rate the pawl it, being no longerlifted by the regulator, returns at the deadcenter behind the ridge of"and again pulls the cup A, thus producing a vacuum which sucks in afresh charge of the explosive mixture. To keep the pawl in the properposition, a bracket m is fixed to the bell-crank lever 02, whichprevents the pawl it from leaving the roller m.

To produce means for exhausting the burned or consumed gases and toclear the cylinder of all impurity arising from the combination thereinand to increase the vacuum in the cylinder after the complete expansionof the gases generated by the explosion, a small pump is employed, whichis arranged on one side of the cylinder, reference being made to Figs. 9and 10 of the drawings. The pump consists of the cylinder 10, open atits rear and provided about midway with an elongated slot '7 and at itsforward end with the springcontrolled valve 11. The piston 9 of saidpump is mounted on the piston rod S, the forward end of which isconnected to the lug a, projecting from the cup A, while itsrearwardly-extendin g portion 5 is curved and adapted to operate thehead 4 of the springcontrolled spindle 2. Said spindle carries at itslower end the plug 01: valve 3, adapted to open and close theinlet-opening of the channel 13, which latter connects the rear end ofthe cylinder A. with the forward end of the cylinder 10, as clearlyshown in the drawings.

It will be seen that the pump works under the action of the movement ofthe cup A.

The position of the parts in Fig. 9 corresponds to the end of the stageofv explosion. Consequently the cup A is represented at the end of itsforward stroke. ()n the return of this cup the rearwardly-projectingportion or plate 5 of the piston of the pump presses on the head 4 ofthe spring-valve 3, which latter is thus opened, and the consumed gasesare drawn in by the pump, which communicates with the bottom of thecylinder by means of the channel 13 and the valve 3, as hereinbeforedescribed. This drawing in is continued until the moment when the head 4of the valve comes in the groove 6, arranged in the plate 5, when thevalve automatically closes under the action of its spring, and, as willbe seen by the drawings, at the same momentthe piston 9 passes theopening 7 in the body 10 of the pump, which said opening puts theconsumed gases in communication with the outside air during theremainder of the back stroke. During the following forward stroke thegases contained in the pump are expelled first throughthe opening 7 andsubsequently through the spring-valve 11, arranged in the cover of thepump.

From the foregoing description it follows that during the stages ofadmission and compression and the first half of the explosive stroke thehead 4 of the valve continues to slide in the groove 6 of the plate 5,and the valve remains closed, but during the second half of theexplosive stroke it would open again under the action of the projectingplate 5, while it should, on the contrary, remain closed. In order toavoid this inconvenience, the head 4 is arranged to pivot on the spindle2 of the valve and is only maintained in its normal position by means ofthe spring-plate 15 and a stop 14, as seen in Fig. 10. On the otherhand, the plate 5 is furnished with a ledge 6, which, when it catchesthe head 4, causes it to turn on the spindle 2 of the valve and bringsit into a position where its projecting part is no longer pressed by theplate 5. The valve is therefore closed during the second part of theexplosive stroke, while at the end of thislperiod the head 4 is free,when the spring 15 returns it to its normal position, so that the plate5 can open the valve from the commencement of the stage of theexhaustion.

In Figs. 11 to 18 is illustrated my improved motor provided with othermeans for transmitting the desired movements to the two parts of thepiston and for regulating the speed of the motor. On the transverse pinor axis G on which is fulcrumed the pistonrod 0, is also pivoted theslotted angle-lever U, provided at its forward portion with the notch Q,adapted to engage the projecting lug O, secured to the cup A. At or nearthe upper portion of the an gle-le ver If is arranged the pin R,adaptedto be engaged by the pistonrod 0 when the latter is in its forwardmovement. From the upper portion of said lever U projects rearward therod or tube T, parallel with the longer arm of said angle-lever andadapted to rest 011 the roller S, which latter is connected andcontrolled, in a vertical motion, by the ball-governor M by anywellknown means, and not illustrated in the drawing, In thisarrangement, to allow for the admission of the explosive mixture the cupis pushed forward by the bent lever U, which is pivoted on the trunnionof the piston-rod o and which at this moment strikes with the shoulder Qagainst the sun g 0 of the said cup A, so that when the pin of the crankcauses the rod 0 to advance the cup A, pushed by the shoulder Q on theleverU, advances at the same time as the part B and that just at themoment when the pin R of the lever U meets the piston-rod c. Thismeeting is brought about by the inclination which the pistonrod takesduring its movements, and it will IIO be seen in Fig. 14 that thismeeting takes place when the pin of the crank reaches the point markedin Figs. 11 and 14. When the head of the piston-rod reaches the pointmarked 4, (see Fig. 15,) it, has raised the lever U several millimeters,and the latter is thus disengaged from the snug 0, so that the cup A,being no longer moved, remains then in the position that it occupied atthat moment, while the lever U, on the contrary, continues to follow themovements of the piston-rod 0. Finally, when this rod 0 reaches thepoint 611-, Fig. 11, it passes away from under the pin R of the lever U,the lower side of which then rests on the edge of the snug 0 of the cupA, on which it slides first for,- ward and then backward, until themoment when the inner part B of the piston again meets the bottom of thecup A. The shoulder Q on the lever U returns behind the snug O, and thetwo parts A and B of the piston finish their return stroke together,corresponding with the compression of the explosive mixture.

During the stage of explosion the two parts of the piston are stillconnected with each other by the contact of the shoulder Q with the snug0, but it is no longer the lever U which pushes the cup forward, but thepressure of the burned gases, and said cup A acts on the part B of thepiston, thus supplying the motive power. To insure that before the endof the forward stroke the pressure behind the piston shall fall belowthe atmospheric pressure, the volume of the explosive mixture introducedinto the cylinder must be reduced. For this purpose it is only necessaryto lower the pin R of the lever U so that it meets the piston-rod 0 whenthe latter is at the point marked 3 in Fig. 11, or even before thatpoint, so that the driving-lever U leaves the cup A sooner, and inconsequence reduces its forward stroke and determines the volume of theexplosive mixture admitted to the cylinder. Finally, it is importantthat the cup A, after being abandoned by the lever U, cannot fall backof its own accord, even, for example, under the action of the vacuumproduced behind it. The parts are therefore so arranged that theshoulder Q of this lever U can, after having released the snug 0 duringthe stage of explosion, replace itself quickly enough behind the saidsnug 0, so that the two parts of the piston are connected together whenthey finish their forward stroke as well as their backward stroke.

In order that the inner part of the piston 13 shall not meet the cup Aabruptly during the stage of compression of the explosive mixture, thispiston B is so arranged that during its return stroke and before ittouches the cup the air contained between the two parts is compressedand forms a cushion or spring to prevent them striking. For this purposethe opening 19, arranged at the bottom of the piston B and serving forthe ennishedwith a spring-valve f, fixed at the extremity of a rod h theother bent extremity of which is subject to the action of a flange orprojection g, fixed at the end of the pistonrod 0. In this way duringthe forward stroke the flange or projection g of the piston-rod onaccount of the inclination taken by the latter during the forwardstroke, causes at pressure against the rod h of the valve and opens thelatter, thus allowing the air to enter freely between the parts A and B.but during the back stroke, the piston-rod taking an oppositeinclination, the flange or projection 9 does not act onthe rod 71. ofthe valve, and the latter closes under the action of its spring. The aircontained between the two parts of the piston is compressed to L degreedetermined by the force given to the spring of this valve f. This airserves as a cushion or spring between the two parts .i and B until theresistance of the explosive mixture which is behind the cup A becomessufficiently strong to overcome the action or the spring of the valveand forces it to open and to allow an escape for the air, thus allowingthe inner part of the piston to meet the cup without shock. These twoparts of the piston should finish their backward stroke together, thusdetermining the compression of the explosive mixture.

It is, moreover, to be understood that the in Vention is notlimited tothe particular forms and arrangements which have been described andillustrated in the drawings, as these may be considerably modified toadapt them in an y desirable manner to carry out the practicalrealization of the various principles above described and on which theinvention is based.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a hydrocarbon-motor, the combination with the cylinder, of apiston consisting of two independent parts, the outer part )1 whichbeing adapted to operate in the cylinder, while the inner part isadapted to operate in the outer part of said piston, and means forgiving each of said parts the dtsired movement, substantially as and forthe purposes described.

2. In 2thYdI'OGtl'bOl'lrlllOilOlfbhG combination with the cylinder, of apiston in said cylinder and consisting of two independent parts workingon and within each other, a rod for each of said parts of the piston,and a crank provided with a longer and a shorter elbow respectivelyconnected with the rod of the outer and inner part of the piston,substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. Inal1ydrocarbon-motor,the combination with the cylinder, of a pistonarranged in said cylinder and consisting of two independent partsworking on and within each other, a valve-controlled opening arranged inthe inner part of the piston and communicating with the outer partthereof, a spring-controlled stem connected with said valve, acrank-shaft having a longer and ashorter elbow, a rod connecting theouter part of the piston with the longer elbow, a rod connecting theinner part of the piston with the shorter elbow, and means carried bysaid second rod for operating the spring controlled stem carrying thevalve, all said parts, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a hydrocarbon -1notor, the combination with the cylinder, ofapiston consisting of two independent parts, the outer one of whichbeing adapted to operate in the cylinder, while the inner one is adaptedto operate in the outer part, means for giving each of said parts thedesired movement, and means for regulating the said movements,substantially as described.

5. In a hydrocarbonanotor, the combination with the cylinder, of atwo-part piston in said cylinder, a pump on one side of said cylinder, avalve-con trolled channel connecting the forward part of said pump withthe rear part of said cylinder, a piston in said pump, a rod connectingthe pump-piston with the outer part of the piston in the cylinder, andmeans carried by the piston of the pump to operate the valve controllingthe channel, all said parts, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

6. In ahydrocarbon-motor,the combination with the cylinder, of atwo-part piston in said cylinder, a pump on one side of said cylinder, avalve-controlled channel connecting the forward part of said pump withthe rear part of said cylinder, a piston in said pump, a rod connecting;the pump-piston with the outer part of the piston in the cylinder, aplate, having a curved end and on its under side alongitudinally-arranged recess, carried by the piston-rod oi the pump, aspindle connected to the valve controlling the channel, a head pivotallysecured. to the said spindle and adapted to be operated by the curvedend of the plate, and means for throwing said head out of operativeengagement with the said plate, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

7. In ahydrocarbon-motor,the combination with the cylinder, of thepiston arranged in said cylinder and consisting of two independent partsarranged on and within each other, a rod pivotally connected to theinner part of said piston, an angle-lever arranged on the pivot of saidrod, and provided at its forward end with a notch, a projection on theouter part of the piston and adapted to be engaged by said notch, and apin carried by the free arm of said angle-lever and adapted to beengaged by the piston-rod, all said parts, substantially as and for thepurposes described.

8. In a hydrocarbon -1notor,the combination with the cylinder, of thepiston arranged in said cylinder and consisting of two indepen dentparts arranged on and within each other, a rod pivotally connected tothe inner part of said piston, an an gle-lever arranged on the pivot ofsaid rod, and provided at its forward end with a notch, a projection onthe outer part of the piston and adapted to be engaged bysaid notch, apin carried by the free arm of said angle-lever and adapted to beengaged by the piston-rod, and means for raising the angle-lever out ofengagement with the outer part of the piston, to thus regulate itsspeed, substantially as described.

9. In a hydrocarburet-motor, the combination with the cylinder, of apiston arranged in said cylinder and consisting of two independent partsworking on and within each other, a valve-controlled opening arranged inthe inner part of the piston and communicating with the outer partthereof, a springcontrolled stem connected with said valve and providedat its free end with an upward projection substantially at right anglesto the stem, a crank-shaft having a longer and a shorter elbow, a rodconnecting the outer part of the piston with the longer elbow, a rodconnecting the inner part of the piston with the shorter elbow, a pinarranged on the rearwardly-projecting end of the second rod and adaptedto engage the projection on the free end of the spring-controlled valve,substan tially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my hand in the presence of thetwo undersigned witnesses.

MARTIN HENRI RUMPF.

\Vitnesses:

ALFRED WuNDnnLro-n, GREGORY PHELAN.

